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1.
Arch. endocrinol. metab. (Online) ; 64(4): 412-417, July-Aug. 2020. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1131101

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective The consequences of sleep deprivation in type 1 diabetes (T1D) patients are poorly understood. Our aim was to determine how sleep disorders influence lipid profile and insulin sensitivity in T1D patients. Materials and methods This was a cross-sectional study at a public university hospital. Demographic information and medical histories were obtained during regular scheduled visit of T1D patients to the outpatient clinic. Insulin sensitivity was obtained using the estimated glucose disposal rate (eGDR) formula. Sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Epworth Sleepiness Scale and Berlin Questionnaire. Results The adult participants (n = 66, 62% women) had a median age of 28.0 years (interquartile range 21.8-33.0). Six patients (9%) had metabolic syndrome according to the International Diabetes Federation criteria. Thirty patients (46%) were considered poor sleepers according to the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. The LDL-c and total cholesterol levels of poor sleepers were higher than those of good sleepers (103 v. 81; p = 0.003 and 178.0 v. 159.5 mg/dL; p = 0.009, respectively). Three patients (4%) were at high risk of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) according to the Berlin Questionnaire. The eGDR was lower in the group of patients with high probability of having OSAS (6.0 v. 9.1 mg.kg-1.min-1;p = .03). Conclusions Poor subjective quality of sleep and higher risk of OSAS were correlated with a worsened lipid profile and decreased insulin sensitivity, respectively. Therefore, T1D patients with sleep disturbances might have an increased cardiovascular risk in the future.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Sleep Wake Disorders , Insulin Resistance , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 , Cross-Sectional Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires , Lipids
2.
J. Phys. Educ. (Maringá) ; 31: e3110, 2020. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1134748

ABSTRACT

RESUMO O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar a carga de treinamento em três tipos de treinamentos de uma equipe de voleibol profissional.. Participaram do estudo 28 jogadores (26,6 ± 4,7 anos; 91,5 ± 8,5 Kg; 194,1 ± 6,0 cm). Foi realizada uma análise descritiva de 29 sessões de treino técnico, 84 tecnico-tático e 75 de musculação e isoladamente das variáveis que compõem a carga de treinamento, PSE e o tempo de duração da sessão, posteriormente sendo reunidos em média e desvio padrão de acordo com tipo de treino. Para análise dos dados foi adotado o teste de Shapiro-Wilk e em seguida aplicou-se o teste Anova Two-Way com o Post Hoc de Tamhane e também foi utilizado o tamanho do efeito para análise das comparações. Os resultados demonstraram respostas significativas e grande tamanho de efeitos quando comparados técnico e técnico-tático com a musculação na carga interna de treinamento TxM (TE=1,2: grande; p= 0,002); TTxM (TE=1,3: grande; p= 0,001) e no tempo de duração da sessão TxM (TE=1,7: grande; p= 0,001); TTxM (TE=2,0: grande; p= 0,001), já a PSE da sessão apresentou apenas uma diferença sigifcativa TTxM (TE= 0,8: moderado; p= 0,001). Os estímulos de treinamentos específicos de quadra como técnico e técnico-tático promoveram maior carga interna nos atletas do que o treino de força, através principalmente pela influencia da variável tempo de duração da sessão que refletiu a carga externa.


ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to compare the training load in three types of training of a professional volleyball team. Participants were 28 players (26.6 ± 4.7 years, 91.5 ± 8.5 kg; 194.1 ± 6.0 cm). A descriptive analysis of 29 technical training sessions, 84 technical-tactical training sessions and 75 training sessions, and of the variables that compose the training load, PSE and the duration of the session were performed, and were then collected on average and standard deviation according to with type of training. To analyze the data, the Shapiro-Wilk test was adopted, and then the Anova Two-Way test was applied with Tamhane's Post Hoc and the effect size was also used for analysis of the comparisons. The results demonstrated significant responses and a large effect size when compared to technical and tactical-to- strength training (T = 1.2: large; p = 0.002); TTxM (TE = 1.3: large, p = 0.001) and the duration of the session / external load in the TxM training (TE = 1.7: large; p = 0.001); TTxM (TE = 2.0: large, p = 0.001), whereas the PSE of the session showed only a sigifcant difference TTxM (TE = 0.8: moderate; p = 0.001). The stimuli of specific training of court as technician and technician-tactician promoted greater internal load in the athletes than the strength training, mainly through the influence of the variable time of the session that reflected to external load.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Middle Aged , Athletic Performance/statistics & numerical data , Volleyball/statistics & numerical data , Resistance Training/methods , Periodicity , Sports/statistics & numerical data , Athletes/statistics & numerical data , Data Analysis
3.
Motriz (Online) ; 26(2): e10200207, 2020. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1135304

ABSTRACT

Abstract Aims: To determine lactate threshold (LT) by three different methods (visual inspection, algorithmic adjustment, and Dmax) during an incremental protocol performed in the leg press 45° and to evaluate correlation and agreement among these different methods. Methods: Twenty male long-distance runners participated in this study. Firstly, participants performed the dynamic force tests in one-repetition maximum (1RM). In the next session, completed an incremental protocol consisted of progressive stages of 1 min or 20 repetitions with increments of 10, 20, 25, 30, 35, and 40% 1RM. From 40% 1RM, increments corresponding to 10% 1RM were performed until a load in which the participants could not complete the 20 repetitions. A rest interval of 2 min was observed between each stage for blood collection and adjustment of the workloads for the next stage. Results: Our results showed no significant difference in relative load (% 1RM), good correlations, and high intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) between algorithmic adjustment and Dmax (p = 0.680, r = 0.92; ICC = 0.959), algorithmic adjustment and visual inspection (p = 0.266, r = 0.91; ICC = 0.948), and Dmax and visual inspection (p = 1.000, r = 0.88; ICC = 0.940). In addition, the Bland-Altman plot and linear regression showed agreement between algorithmic adjustment and Dmax (r2 = 0.855), algorithmic adjustment and visual inspection (r2 = 0.834), and Dmax and visual inspection (r2 = 0.781). Conclusion: The good correlation and high agreement among three methods suggest their applicability to determine LT during an incremental protocol performed in the leg press 45°. However, the best agreement found between mathematical methods suggests better accuracy.


Subject(s)
Humans , Running , Anaerobic Threshold , Endurance Training , Algorithms , Anthropometry
4.
Rev. bras. med. esporte ; 23(5): 357-360, set.-out. 2017. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-899004

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Introdução: Inúmeras variações de exercícios têm sido aplicadas nas rotinas de treinamento de força, com o objetivo de otimizar os ganhos de força e hipertrofia e, entre os exercícios usados, podemos destacar o pullover. Objetivo: Comparar a atividade eletromiográfica da parte clavicular do músculo peitoral maior (PMC), parte esternocostal do peitoral maior (PME), cabeça longa do tríceps braquial (TBL), do deltoide anterior (DA), deltoide posterior (DP), latíssimo do dorso (LD) e serrátil anterior (SA) entre os exercícios pullover barra (PB) e pullover haltere (PH). Método: Participaram do estudo 11 homens treinados (idade, 24,50 ± 4,34 anos; percentual de gordura = 13,63 ± 1,94; estatura = 1,76 ± 0,04 m; massa corporal total = 73,12 ± 6,10 kg). A primeira fase do estudo consistiu em avaliações antropométricas e teste e re-teste de 10 repetições máximas (RM). A segunda fase do estudo foi composta pela coleta dos sinais eletromiográficos nos exercícios propostos. Para tal, foi realizada uma série com cargas ajustadas a 90% de 10 RM. Para verificar as diferenças na ativação dos respectivos músculos estudados entre os exercícios PB e PH adotou-se o teste t de Student pareado para amostras dependentes. Resultados: Não foram observadas mudanças na ativação de nenhum dos músculos analisados nos exercícios propostos (P > 0,05). Conclusão: Concluiu-se que a realização do exercício pullover com barra ou com o haltere não altera a participação/ativação dos músculos envolvidos.


ABSTRACT Introduction: Numerous variations of exercises have been applied in strength training routines, in order to optimize strength gains and hypertrophy, and among the used exercises, we can highlight the pullover. Objective: To compare the electromyographic activity of the clavicular portion of the pectoralis major (PMC), sternocostal head of the pectoralis major (PMS), long head of triceps brachii (TBL), anterior deltoid (AD), posterior deltoid (PD), latissimus dorsi (LD) and serratus anterior (SA) between the barbell pullover (BP) exercise and the dumbbell pullover (DP) exercise. Method: Eleven trained men (age, 24.50 ± 4.34 years; fat percentage = 13.63 ± 1.94, height = 1.76 ± 0.04 m, total body mass = 73.12 ± 6.10 kg). The first phase of the study consisted of anthropometric assessments and test and re-test of 10 maximal repetitions (MR). The second phase of the study consisted of the collection of electromyographic signals in the proposed exercises. For this, a series with loads adjusted to 90% of 10 MR was performed. To verify the differences in the activation of the respective muscles studied between the BP and DP exercises the paired student's T-test was used for dependent samples. Results: No changes were observed in the activation of any of the muscles analyzed in the proposed exercises (P>0.05). Conclusion: It was concluded that performing the pullover exercise with barbell or with dumbbell does not change the participation/activation of the involved muscles.


RESUMEN Introducción: Numerosas variaciones de ejercicios se han aplicado en las rutinas de entrenamiento de fuerza con el objetivo de optimizar las ganancias de fuerza e hipertrofia y, entre los ejercicios utilizados, podemos destacar el pullover. Objetivo: Comparar la actividad electromiográfica de la porción clavicular del músculo pectoral mayor (PMC), porción esternocostal del pectoral mayor (PME), cabeza larga del tríceps braquial (TBL), deltoides anterior (DA), deltoides posterior (DP), dorsal ancho (DA) y serrato anterior (SA) entre los ejercicios pullover barra (PB) y pullover pesas (PP). Método: Participaran del estudio 11 hombres entrenados (edad, 24,50 ± 4,34 años; porcentaje de grasa =13,63 ± 1,94; estatura = 1,76 ± 0,04 m; masa corporal total = 73,12 ± 6,10 kg). La primera fase del estudio consistió en las evaluaciones antropométricas y el test y re-test de 10 repeticiones máximas (RM). La segunda fase del estudio fue compuesta por la recolección de los signos electromiográficos en los ejercicios propuestos. Así, se realizó una serie con cargas ajustadas al 90% de 10 RM. Para verificar las diferencias en la activación de los respectivos músculos estudiados entre los ejercicios PB y PP se adoptó la prueba de la t de Student apareada para muestras dependientes. Resultados: No fueron observados cambios en la activación de ninguno de los músculos analizados en los ejercicios propuestos (P > 0,05). Conclusión: Se concluyó que la realización del ejercicio pullover con barra o con pesas no altera la participación/activación de los músculos involucrados.

5.
Rev. bras. cineantropom. desempenho hum ; 17(3): 300-308, May.-June 2015. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-766343

ABSTRACT

Abstract This study aimed to compare the perceived subjective exertion (PSE) and total load lifted in resistance exercises performed on stable platforms (SP) and unstable platforms (UP). Participants were 20 men (24.6 ± 3.4 years, 179 ± 0.1 cm, 80.6 ± 9.1 kg and 11.8 ± 3.4% fat). Each subject performed a 15 maximum repetition test in half squat exercises (soil and balance discs), pronated barbell row (soil and bosu) and biceps curl (soil and balance discs) in both conditions. PSE was measured using the OMNI-RES scale and the load lifted value (kg). To verify the normality of data, the Shapiro-Wilk test was used. Possible differences related to loads and PSE on the platforms were performed by the paired t test. Significance level of p <0.05 was adopted. No significant differences between PSE values on SP and UP were respectively observed in the half squat (8.2 and 8.5 / p = 0.8), pronated barbell row (8.4 and 8.4 / p = 0.7) and biceps curl (8.6 and 8.7 / p = 1.0). Higher load values on SP and UP were respectively found in half squat (83.9kg and 70.3kg / p <0.001) and pronated barbell row exercises (53.2kg and 48.6kg / p = 0.01) on SP. However, biceps curl showed dissimilar behavior (48.2kg and 47.4kg / p = 0.5). It was concluded that UP does not promote differences in PSE responses even working with smaller load or similar load.


Resumo Objetivou-se comparar a percepção subjetiva do esforço (PSE) e a carga total levantada nos exercícios resistidos em plataformas estáveis (PE) e plataformas instáveis (PI). Participaram do estudo 20 homens (24,6 ± 3,4 anos, 179 ± 0,1 cm, 80,6 ± 9,1 Kg e 11,8 ± 3,4 % de gordura). Cada voluntário realizou um teste de 15 repetições máximas nos exercícios meio agachamento (solo e discos de equilíbrio), remada curvada pronada (solo e bosu) e rosca bíceps (solo e discos de equilíbrio) em ambas as condições. Foram medidas a PSE através da escala de OMNI-RES e o valor da carga levantada (kg). Para verificar a normalidade dos dados, utilizou-se o teste Shapiro-Wilk. As possíveis diferenças relacionadas às cargas e à PSE nas plataformas foram realizadas pelo teste t pareado. Adotou-se um nível de significância de p<0,05. Não foram encontradas diferenças significativas entre os valores da PSE em PE e PI respectivamente, no meio agachamento (8,2 e 8,5 / p=0,8), remada curvada pronada (8,4 e 8,4 / p=0,7) e rosca bíceps (8,6 e 8,7 / p=1,0). Foram encontrados maiores valores de carga em PE e PI respectivamente, nos exercícios de meio agachamento (83,9kg e 70,3kg / p<0,001) e remada curvada pronada (53,2kg e 48,6kg / p=0,01) na PE. Em contrapartida, para a rosca bíceps não ocorreu o mesmo (48,2kg e 47,4kg / p=0,5). É possível concluir que as PI não promovem diferenças nas respostas da PSE mesmo sendo trabalhadas com uma menor carga ou com uma carga semelhante.

6.
Motriz rev. educ. fís. (Impr.) ; 20(2): 200-205, Apr-Jun/2014. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-715626

ABSTRACT

The aim of the study was to compare the electromyographic (EMG) activity of the following muscles: clavicular portion of pectoralis major, sternal portion of pectoralis major, long portion of triceps brachii, anterior deltoid, posterior deltoid and latissimus dorsi during dynamic contractions between flat horizontal bench press and barbell pullover exercises. The sample comprised 12 males individuals experienced in resistance training. The volunteers made three visits to the laboratory. The first one consisted of 12 repetitions of the exercises for the electromyographic data collection. The results showed a higher EMG activation of the pectoralis major and anterior deltoid muscles in the flat horizontal bench press in comparison with the barbell pullover. The triceps brachii and latissimus dorsi muscles were more activated in the barbell pullover...


O objetivo do estudo foi comparar a atividade eletromiográfica dos músculos peitoral maior porção clavicular, peitoral maior porção externa, porção longa do tríceps braquial, deltóide anterior, deltóide posterior e grande dorsal durante contrações dinâmicas entre os exercícios supino horizontal e pull-over. A amostra foi composta por 12 indivíduos do sexo masculino experientes em treinamento resistido. Os voluntários fizeram três visitas ao laboratório; a primeira consistiu na avaliação antropométrica e no teste de 1RM em ambos os exercícios, e a segunda e terceira consistiram na realização de 12 repetições para a coleta dos dados da eletromiografia. Após a análise dos resultados foi possível identificar uma ativação eletromiográfica superior dos músculos peitoral maior e deltóide anterior no supino horizontal em relação ao pull-over barra. Já as musculaturas do tríceps braquial e grande dorsal foram mais ativadas no pull-over barra...


El objetivo del estudio fue comparar la actividad electromiografíca de los músculos pectoral mayor en la porción clavicular, pectoral mayor porción esternal, porción larga del tríceps braquial, deltoides anterior, deltoides posterior y dorsal ancho durante las contracciones dinámicas entre los ejercicios press de banca y pullover. Hicieron parte de la muestra 12 individuos del sexo masculino expertos en el entrenamiento con pesas. Los voluntarios hicieran tres visitas al laboratorio, la primera, consistió en la evaluación antropométrica y en el teste de 1RM en los dos ejercicios, y la segunda y tercera, consistió en la realización de 12 repeticiones para la recolecta de los datos de la electromiografía. Después del análisis de los resultados fue posible identificar una activación electromiografíca superior en las porciones del musculo pectoral mayor y en el deltoides anterior en el press de banca horizontal en relación al pull-over barra. Ya las musculaturas del tríceps braquial y del dorsal ancho fueron las más activadas en el pull-over barra...


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Exercise/physiology , Pectoralis Muscles/physiology , Electromyography/methods
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